"Regular" parks vs. parks with entrance fee and attractions, restaurants etc.?

In Germany (and likely elsewhere as well), some parks differ significantly from typical public parks: they charge entrance fees, enforce opening hours, and offer attractions like restaurants, playgrounds, transportation systems (e.g., railways or cable cars), and scheduled events. Currently, OSM renders these the same as free public parks – as undifferentiated green areas – which can be misleading.

I queried fee-based parks in Berlin using:

[out:json][timeout:25];
{{geocodeArea:Berlin}}->.searchArea;
(
  nwr["leisure"="park"]["fee"="yes"](area.searchArea);
  nwr["leisure"="garden"]["fee"="yes"](area.searchArea);
);
out geom;

Notable results:

  • Britzer Garten: narrow-gauge railway, restaurants, water playground, events (concerts, fireworks), animal enclosures
  • Gärten der Welt: cable car, labyrinth, open-air theater, themed gardens
  • Botanischer Garten: a botanical garden operated by a university

These resemble theme parks and zoos in structure and operation:

  • gated access + entrance fees + opening hours
  • attractions: transport systems (railways, cable cars), playgrounds, theaters
  • amenities: restaurants, gift shops, events
  • themed experiences: landscaped gardens (e.g., Chinese, Japanese) rather than fantasy/adventure or animals.

Other German examples (e.g., egapark Erfurt, Westfalenpark Dortmund, Grugapark Essen) follow this model, basically “zoos without animals” (though some include minor animal exhibits).

However, outside Berlin, the query doesn’t just match spaces like these, but also some community gardens with participation fees, which is why changing the rendering for that combination of tags might be problematic.

Per Wikipedia’s definition, a theme park is “a form of amusement park that bases its structures and attractions around a central theme.” Here, that theme could arguably be gardens/nature.

What are your thoughts? Would it make sense to add tourism=theme_park for parks like these?

If they resemble theme parks then perhaps the best current tagging for them is as theme parks.

I believe that the nature of an object does not depend on whether an entrance fee is charged.

In the area around Munich we currently have a similar discussion about wildlife parks. Some people believe that these cannot be wildlife parks, because there is no entrance fee.

According to the Bavarian constitution it is illegal to charge an entrance fee for a forest or other nature. The Bavarian state and the municipalities are responsible for operation recreation parks which are free of charge. Therefore we have such parks. The legal situation is apparently different in Berlin, but this does not change the type of a park.

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Can you link the discussion? It seems very relevant here.

It seems there are at least two wildlife parks in Bavaria that do charge an entrance fee, though: Wildpark Poing and Wildpark Hundshaupten, so I’m not sure I understand what the legal situation is.

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According to my opinion the objects you mentioned are classical zoos. The animals are kept in fairly small enclosures. They don’t live in their natural environment. The legal situation is the same as for Hellabrunn.

The discussion is here: